Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks. Hu…
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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Human attention is often described as if it were simply shrinking, but the issue is far more complex. In a digital environment saturated with alerts, messages, and fast-moving streams of information, people are repeatedly drawn away from their immediate tasks, (21) ______ . Instead of entering a state of sustained concentration, the brain is forced to reconstruct the previous mental context each time. (22) ______ depends not only on personal discipline but also on how carefully the learning environment is structured.
This does not mean that deep concentration has become unattainable. (23) ______ . When students read a dense text or work on a cognitively demanding assignment, even a brief glance at a notification can disrupt the flow of thought and make it harder to regain the same level of focus.
Experts therefore recommend establishing deliberate routines that reduce unnecessary interruptions rather than relying on willpower alone. (24) ______ . Such strategies are most effective (25) ______ .
(21)
in case each interruption appears minor and temporary
so that each interruption appears minor and temporary
because each interruption appears minor and temporary
even when each interruption appears minor and temporary
(22)
Whether learners can sustain attention over extended periods
Learners sustaining attention over extended periods
How learners sustain attention over extended periods
That learners sustain attention over extended periods
(23)
Rather, it suggests that attention must be intentionally protected from repeated disruption.
In contrast, students should train themselves to respond to digital input immediately.
For instance, frequent alerts make extended reading less necessary in academic contexts.
As a result, concentration is no longer a relevant skill in modern learning.
(24)
A sustainable routine may involve disabling non-essential alerts, allocating a realistic period for demanding work, and taking brief recovery breaks.
A sustainable routine may involve checking urgent messages first, keeping social media open, and returning to schoolwork whenever possible.
A sustainable routine may involve removing all devices permanently, studying for several hours without rest, and avoiding communication altogether.
A sustainable routine may involve switching rapidly between tasks, processing multiple sources at once, and increasing exposure to online input.
(25)
because they are applied occasionally whenever learners feel distracted
although they are ignored until students begin to lose concentration
when they are practised consistently rather than treated as emergency measures
unless they are used only after attention problems have already become serious
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